CAMERA TRIGONOMETRY

Game FOV Calculator

Convert camera Field of View between Horizontal and Vertical angles across widescreen, ultrawide, and mobile aspect ratios.

CALCULATED VERTICAL FOV (V-FOV)
58.72°
2 × atan(tan(90° / 2) / 1.778) = 58.72°
HORIZONTAL FOV
90.00°
VERTICAL FOV
58.72°
ASPECT RATIO
16:9 (1.78:1)

POPULAR GAME FOV TARGETS

Click any benchmark preset below to convert in the calculator:

GAME / PROFILE H-FOV V-FOV (16:9)
Default PC Standard 90° H-FOV 58.72° V-FOV
Overwatch / Apex / Warzone 103° H-FOV 70.53° V-FOV
Competitive Shooter Max 110° H-FOV 77.83° V-FOV
Unity Engine Default 91.49° H-FOV 60° V-FOV
21:9 Ultrawide Monitor 90° H-FOV 46.40° V-FOV

WHAT IS FOV & WHY DOES IT MATTER?

Field of View (FOV) defines the angular extent of the observable game world seen on screen at any given moment.

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Spatial Awareness: Wider FOV lets players spot flanking enemies and tactical threats earlier.
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Motion Sickness Prevention: Low FOV (<75° on PC) causes simulation sickness because the camera feels overly zoomed in.
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Engine Differences: Unity stores FOV vertically (V-FOV), whereas games like CS:GO or Valorant specify Horizontal FOV (H-FOV).

TRIGONOMETRIC FORMULA

Conversion between Horizontal ($H$) and Vertical ($V$) FOV across aspect ratio ($A = W / H$):

V-FOV = 2 × atan( tan(H-FOV / 2) / Aspect Ratio )
H-FOV = 2 × atan( tan(V-FOV / 2) × Aspect Ratio )

Note: All internal trigonometric calculations convert degrees to radians (rad = deg × π / 180) before applying Math.tan() and Math.atan().

KNOWLEDGE BASE

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Common questions regarding Field of View math, aspect ratios, and camera optics in Unity and game engines.

Why does Unity use Vertical FOV instead of Horizontal FOV?

Unity uses Vertical FOV by default so that when players switch between 16:9, 16:10, or 21:9 ultrawide screens, the top and bottom of the view remain constant while extra horizontal scenery is naturally revealed on the sides without distortion or cropping.

What is the best FOV for first-person shooters?

For desktop PC players sitting 2-3 feet from a 16:9 monitor, 90° to 103° Horizontal FOV (59° to 71° V-FOV) offers optimal peripheral vision without causing "fisheye" distortion at screen edges.

Does higher FOV lower FPS performance?

Yes. Increasing FOV expands the camera's frustum, meaning the game engine must render more 3D meshes, particles, and draw calls simultaneously. On low-end mobile devices, high FOVs can result in minor framerate drops.
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